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Edward Burnett Tylor
Sir Edward Burnett Tylor (2 October 1832 – 2 January 1917) was an English anthropologist, the founder of cultural anthropology.
Tylor is representative of cultural evolutionism. In his works ''Primitive Culture'' and ''Anthropology'', he defined the context of the scientific study of anthropology, based on the evolutionary theories of Charles Lyell. He believed that there was a functional basis for the development of society and religion, which he determined was universal. Tylor is considered by many to be a founding figure of the science of social anthropology, and his scholarly works helped to build the discipline of anthropology in the nineteenth century.〔Paul Bohannan, ''Social Anthropology'' (New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1969)〕 He believed that "research into the history and prehistory of man... could be used as a basis for the reform of British society."〔Lewis, Herbert S. (1998) ("The Misrepresentation of Anthropology and its Consequences" ), ''American Anthropologist'' 100: 716–731〕
Tylor reintroduced the term ''animism'' (faith in the individual soul or ''anima'' of all things, and natural manifestations) into common use.〔("Animism" ), ''Online Etymology Dictionary'', accessed 2 October 2007.〕 He considered animism to be the first phase of development of religions.
==Tylor's Life and career==
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